| Aspect | HTST Pasteurization | UHT Processing |
|---|
| Temperature | 72-85°C (161-185°F) | 135-150°C (275-302°F) |
|---|
| Processing Time | 15-40 seconds | 2-5 seconds |
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| Shelf Life | 7-21 days (refrigerated) | 6-9 months (ambient) |
|---|
| Nutritional Retention | High (90%+ vitamins preserved) | Moderate (70-80% vitamins) |
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| Flavor Profile | Fresh, natural taste | Slightly cooked caramel notes |
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| Protein Functionality | Preserved for fermentation | Extensively denatured |
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| Storage Requirements | Cold chain (0-4°C) | Room temperature (before opening) |
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| Equipment Investment | $8,000-$50,000 | $50,000-$500,000+ |
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| Ideal Applications | Fresh dairy, yogurt, cheese, local distribution | Long-distance distribution, export, extended shelf life products |
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